[3] "Professor Leibowitz Called for Counter Terror: 'Had I been Younger I Would Have Done It My Self,'" Yediot Aharonot, February 13, 1983, cited in Uri Davis, "Israel's Zionist Society: Consequences for Internal Opposition and the Necessity for External Intervention," Judaism or Zionism, eds. EAFORD and AJAZ, (London: Zed Books, 1986), p. 200. For more of his views see Joe Franklin, "Interview with Yeshayahu Leibowitz," AmericanArab Affairs, Fall 1988, pp. 7577.
[4] "Elsewhere, perhaps," by Gideon Levy, Haaretz, September 9, 2003. See also "One racist nation," by Gideon Levy, Haaretz, March 26, 2006; and "The threat of the demographic threat," by Gideon Levy, Haaretz, July 22, 2007.
[5] "The soft underbelly and the victim," by Yitzhak Laor, Haaretz, August 26, 2009.
[6] "Ethiopian students affair shows prevalent racism in Israel," by Gideon Levy, Haaretz, September 3, 2009.
[7] "Who is antiSemitic?," by Yael Lotan, Hagada Hasmalit, November 13, 2007.
[8] "Controversial Bestseller Shakes the Foundation of the Israeli State," by Joshua Holland, AlterNet, January 28, 2009.
[9] "An Invention Called 'The Jewish People,'" by Tom Segev, Haaretz, February 29, 2008.
[10] For a somewhat critical review of the book see, "Jewish History Inventing an invention," by Israel Bartal, Haaretz, July 2, 2008. It is interesting that this author also confirms many of the facts listed by Zand but contests the claim that this information was deliberately hidden as a way to promote the development of the concept of a common "national" origin of the Jewish people.
[11] Ibid. There is extensive documentation on Khazars' conversion to Judaism. See for example D.M. Dunlop, The History of the Jewish Khazars, (Princeton University Press, 1954). Also See Arthur Koestler, The Thirteenth Tribe, (New York: Random House, 1976); Peter B. Golden, Kharar Studies: A Historico-Philological Inquiry into the Origins of the Khazars: Vol 1, (Budapest: Akademiai Kiado, 1980); "The Grand Illusion of Jewish Ethnicity," by Alfred Lilienthal, Middle East Policy, Fall 1992, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 106-117; Martin Gilbert, The Dent Atlas of Jewish History (5th ed.) (J. M. Dent: London, 1993) p.24. The Gilbert map shows Khazaria as being approximately the same size the present day Ukraine; Kevin Alan Brook, The Jews of Khazaria, (New York: Jason Aronson, Inc., 1999). The conversion of the Khazars is readily acknowledged in a number of Jewish Encyclopedias. See for example The Jewish Encyclopedia Vol IV, (Ktav Publishing House), "The Chazars," pp. 1-7; "Khazars," The Encyclopaedia Judaica, (The MacMillian Company) Vol. 10, pp. 944-954; "The Himyarites and the Khazar Kings," Medieval Jewish Civilization: An Encyclopedia, Norman Roth, Editor, (Routledge: New York and London, 2003), pp. 385-386; "Khazars," The New Standard Jewish Encvyclopedia,( 7th Edition), Geoffrey Wigoder Editor in Chief, (Facts on File: New York and Oxford, 1992) pp. 554-555.
[12] For example see, "Across West Bank daily tragedies go unseen," by Suzanne Goldenberg, The Guardian, April 27, 2002; "New Israeli Scholars Face up to Israel's Origins," by Eric Rouleau and "Are the Jews an Invented People" by Eric Rouleau, Le Monde diplomatique, 10 May, 2008; "Israel's Lies," by Henry Siegman, London Review of Books, January 29, 2009; "A crisis in Judaism: For many Jews today, Israel is not a normal state - it is a cause or ideal, and therein lies the problem," by Brian Klug, The Guardian, January 15, 2009; "Israel's war crimes," by Richard Falk, Le Monde diplomatique, English edition, March, 2009; "Gaza, One More Bantustan: Palestine the view from South Africa," by Alain Gresh, Le Monde diplomatique, English edition, August, 2009, pp. 45; "Israel's state sponsored injustice," by Seth Freedman, The Guardian, August 17, 2009; and "Israel's culture of impunity," by Sharon Weill, Le Monde diplomatique, September 2009.
[13] "Does Zionism legitimize every act of violence," by Gideon Levy, Haaretz, February 12, 2009. For a similar opinion see, "Who is a terrorist?," by Gideon Levy, Haaretz, April 16, 2006; and "Someone must stop Israel's rampant madness in Gaza," by Gideon Levy, Haaretz, January 16, 2009.
[14] Among his books are Avi Shlaim, The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World, (New York and London: W. W. Norton, 2001); and (as co-editor) The War for Palestine: Rewriting the History of 1948, (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001). His most recent book is Lion of Jordan: the Life of King Hussein in War and Peace, (London: Allan Lane/Penguin, 2007).
[15] "Israel free speech and the Oxford Union," by Avi Shalim, Alternet and Informed Comment, November 13, 2007.
[16] "Is Zionism today the real enemy of the Jews: Yes," by Avi Shlaim, International Herald Tribune, February 4, 2005.
[17] "How Israel brought Gaza to the brink of humanitarian catastrophe," by Avi Shlaim, The Guardian, January 7, 2009.
[18] See, "Words and deeds in the Middle East," The Guardian, January 17, 2009.
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