A 2011 University of Zurich study,
research completed by Stefania Vitali, James B. Glattfelder, Stefano
Battiston at the Swiss Federal Institute, reports that a small group of
companies--mainly banks--wields huge power over the global economy. [xxvi]
Using data from Orbis 2007, a database listing thirty-seven million companies
and investors, the Swiss researchers applied mathematical models--usually used
to model natural systems--to the world economy. The study is the first to look
at all 43,060 transnational corporations and the web of ownership between them.
The research created a "map" of 1,318 companies at the heart of the global
economy. The study found that 147 companies formed a "super entity" within this
map, controlling some 40 percent of its wealth. The
top twenty-five of the 147 super-connected companies inc ludes:
1. Barclays PLC*
2. Capital Group
Companies Inc.
3. FMR Corporation
4. AXA
5. State Street
Corporation
6. J. P. Morgan Chase
& Co.*
7. Legal & General
Group PLC
8. Vanguard Group Inc.
9. UBS AG
10. Merrill Lynch
& Co. Inc.*
11. Wellington
Management Co. LLP
12. Deutsche Bank AG
13. Franklin Resources
Inc.
14. Credit Suisse
Group*
15. Walton Enterprises
LLC
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