Major political parties of Pakistan have bitterly criticized the capitulating conditions attached to the $4.5 billion US aid to Pakistan under the Kerry-Lugar Bill passed by the Congress on September 4, 2009. Pakistan Muslim League, a leading political party led by a former prime minister, Nawaz Sharif, described the conditionalities similar to the notorious Pakistan-specific Pressler's amendment that was used as an arms twisting tool by the US administration.
The
Secretary of State has to issue a certificate on some sensitive subjects before
each installment of the US aid is to be disbursed. The Secretary of State,
under the direction of the president, has to certify to the appropriate
congressional committees that:
1. the Government of Pakistan is continuing to cooperate with the United States
in efforts to dismantle supplier networks relating to the acquisition of
nuclear weapons-related materials, such as providing relevant information from
or direct access to Pakistani nationals (Read Abdul Qadeer Khan) associated
with such networks;
(a) ceasing support, including by any elements within the Pakistan military or
its intelligence agency, to extremist and terrorist groups, particularly to any
group that has conducted attacks against United States or coalition forces in
Afghanistan, or against the territory or people of neighbouring countries (Read
India);
(b) preventing al-Qaeda, the Taliban and associated terrorist groups, such as
Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed, from operating in the territory of
Pakistan, including carrying out cross-border attacks into neighbouring
countries, closing terrorist camps in the Fata, dismantling terrorist bases of
operations in other parts of the country, including Quetta and Muridke, and
taking action when provided with intelligence about high-level terrorist
targets; and
(c) strengthening counter-terrorism and anti-money laundering laws; and
(3) the security forces of Pakistan are not materially and substantially
subverting the political or judicial processes of Pakistan.
According to
Shaheen Sehbai, editor of the leading Pakistani newspaper, The News, the
language of these conditions is different but in essence the US demands are the
same à ‚¬" give us AQ Khan, don't finger India, forget Kashmir, close the terror
shops of Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Muhammed and cooperate in the war on
terror on our terms.
The more direct language against military intervention in political and
judicial processes has apparently been added by the US legislators on the
insistence of those Pakistanis who feel that the GHQ in Pindi is still creating
hurdles in allowing the PPP to run its government as it likes, specially after
the March 15 intervention to restore the judges, something which was taken as a
direct affront to President Zardari who had over-committed himself not to
restore the chief justice.
These conditions implied that (1) Pakistan is supporting terrorist groups. (2) It is involved in attacks on India. The Kerry-Lugar Bill particularly mentions that attacks outside of Pakistan that have been attributed to groups with Pakistani connections, including-- (i) the suicide car bombing of the Indian embassy in Kabul, Afghanistan, which killed 58 people on June 7, 2008; and (ii) the massacre of approximately 165 people in Mumbai, India, including 6 United States citizens, in late November 2008. Clause relating to the nuclear issue is aimed at allowing US investigators access to individuals, such as AQ Khan, suspected of engaging in nuclear proliferation. It was reported in April 2008 that the US State Department reportedly proposed to the Pakistan Government to place one official permanently at the US embassy in Islamabad to deal with Pakistan's nuclear issues, and also that the official would have direct access to Pakistans National Command Authority (NCA) Secretariat.
Clause related to effective civilian control over the armed forces is self explanatory. Apparently on behest of Washington in July 2008 Zardari government abortively tried to put the powerful military-run spy agency, Inter Services Intelligence (ISI), under civilian control. After the Mombai attacks of December 2008, Senator Kerry called for putting the ISI under civilian control.
It is all the more intriguing that the conditionalities contain names of cities and towns from where the Government of Pakistan is required to uproot the alleged terrorist training camps. By doing so the US has formalized its allegations about presence of so-called terrorist training camps and also that Pakistan's soil is being used for such activities against neighboring countries including India.
Tellingly, one billion dollars from the US aid to Pakistan is to be spent on upgrading US Embassy and Consulates.
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