In Moore and Gillette's 1992 book The King Within, they say that "whenever we project our King [archetype] onto a politician [e.g., Donald Trump] (or anyone else), we can feel disempowered. . . . What is truly amazing of course is what we can do, once we access and utilize our King [archetype] energy. The spiritual systems of the world are designed to bring their worshipers in touch with this empowering energy [in their psyches], whether their leaders know it or not, because the energy has such a virtuous effect of those who access it. Note that 'virtue' has the Latin root vis, meaning strength or power. The King's virtue is empowering. Hence Jesus of Nazareth, at least in part, makes an excellent paradigm of the King energy in the individuating male psyche. Hence also the enduring appeal of Ignatius of Loyola's exercises. They provide their practitioners one kind of initiation into the mysteries of the King [archetype in the human psyche]" (pp. 104-105; their italics).
Incidentally, in 2007, Moore and Gillette published a revised and expanded second edition of their 1992 book The Kind Within: Accessing the King [Archetype] in the Male Psyche (Exploration Press). In it, in a discussion note, we learn that "The material for chapter twelve [titled "Structural Diagnosis: Understanding the current Archetypal Structure of Your personality" [pp. 205-253] is adapted with permission from Robert Moore's unpublished manuscript, Structural Psychoanalysis and Integrative Psychotherapy: A Neo-Jungian Paradigm. When published, this monograph will include examples of the various personality configurations in both male and female personalities in the context of the comprehensive psychoanalytic theory underlying the discussion in this book" (pp. 277-278). But Robert Moore's unpublished manuscript was never published.
Speaking of books that were never published, on page vii under the heading "Other Books by Robert Moore and Douglas Gillette," we learn that "text editions" are forthcoming of their other 1992b book, The Warrior Within: Accessing the Knight [Archetype] in the Male Psyche, and of their two 1993 books, The Magician Within: Accessing the Shaman [Archetype] in the Male Psyche and The Lover Within: Accessing the Lover [Archetype] in the Male Psyche.
In any event, Robert Moore thought that the King archetypes in the human psyche was the most difficult of the four masculine archetypes of maturity for men to learn how to access the optimal and positive form of, and the Text Edition of Robert Moore and Douglass Gillette's 1992a book The King Within: Accessing the King [Archetype] in the Male Psyche was published in 2007 by Exploration Press.
Now, for further information about Ong's life, see my award-winning book Walter Ong's Contributions to Cultural Studies; The Phenomenology of the Word and I-Thou Communication (2000, pp. 33-53). My book received the Marshall McLuhan Award for Outstanding Book in the Field of Media Ecology, conferred by the Media Ecology Association in June 2001.
In my book, I explain that Ong pursued graduate studies in philosophy and English at Saint Louis University as part of his lengthy Jesuit formation. At that time, the young Canadian convert to Catholicism Marshall McLuhan (1911-1980; Ph.D. in English, Cambridge University, 1943) was teaching English at Saint Louis University while he continued to work on his 1943 Cambridge University doctoral dissertation. At that time, McLuhan was fresh from his studies in English with F. R. Leavis (1895-1978) and I. A. Richards (1893-1979) at Cambridge University.
About that time, young Ong published the article "The Meaning of the 'New Criticism'" in the journal Modern Schoolman (Saint Louis University) (1943). Ong puts the term New Criticism in quotation marks because in 1943 the term was still a novelty. As Ong points out, there was no Old Criticism - which heightened the novelty of the term New Criticism.
However, the term New Criticism stuck, and subsequently the New Criticism became predominant in English Departments in the English-speaking world.
The St. Louis-born poet and literary critic T. S. Eliot (1886-1965) and the American literary critic Cleanth Brooks (1906-1994) also contributed mightily to the rise of the New Criticism to predominance in English departments.
The New Critics Eliot, Leavis, Richards, and Brooks also tended to favor literary modernism - as exemplified in T. S. Eliot's famous poem The Waste Land (1922) and in James Joyce's novel Ulysses (1922).
Now, Ong published the essay "The Vernacular Matrix of the New Criticism" in The Critical Matrix, edited by Paul R. Sullivan (1961, pp. 3-35). Ong then reprinted his essay in his book The Barbarian Within: And Other Fugitive Studies and Essays (1962, pp. 177-205).
Subsequently, Ong published "From Rhetorical Culture to New Criticism: The Poem as a Closed Field" in the book The Possibilities of Order: Cleanth Brooks and His Work, edited by Lewis P. Simpson (1976, pp. 150-167). Ong reprinted it, slightly revised, as "The Poem as Closed Field: The Once New Criticism and the Nature of Literature" in his 1977 book Interfaces of the Word: Studies in the Evolution of Consciousness and Culture (pp. 213-229.
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