The court noted that the 5,500 voters affected would hardly represent any level of voter confusion. Then the court shut the door on defendant's argument by stating that "this argument ignores Michigan law, which allows for some provisional ballots to go uncounted. In fact, in the 2006 elections, only 19.1% of all provisional ballots cast in Michigan were counted."
Judge Moore then noted that there would be no harm to voters or the general public by upholding the federal district court's injunction. The Judge allowed for expedited review by a higher court.
Michigan ACLU Legal Director Steinberg remarked:
"There are lawmakers in Michigan and elsewhere who purposely make it difficult for students to vote. This victory reaffirms the principle that states are not free to ignore federal laws that prevent disenfranchisement."
Michigan's Former One Stop Voter Caging Program
Republican partisans use voter caging to challenge and remove legitimate voters from the registration rolls. Project Vote defines voter caging succinctly:
"Voter caging is a practice of sending mass direct mailings to registered voters by non-forwardable mail, then compiling lists of voters, called "caging lists," from the returned mail in order to formally challenge their right to vote on that basis alone. Other methods, such as database matching, have been used more recently to compile voter caging lists. The practice is used almost exclusively by officials or members of the Republican Party, local and national." Project Vote
Voter caging programs target poor and predominantly minority voters who typically favor for Democrats by large margins.
There are clear similarities between Secretary Land's operation and voter caging conducted for political purposes. They both rely on mailings to registered voters to establish the validity of the registration based on the voter's original address in the state registration files. They both rely on the use of returned envelopes ("unforwardable") as sufficient proof that the intended recipient is not qualified to vote.
In the case of the Michigan Secretary of State's outlawed behavior, the simple event of the state receiving a returned voter registration envelope triggered the immediate removal of the voter from the rolls. Republican partisans engaged in voter caging travel a more involved path to stealing the vote from legitimate voters. They must go to the polls on Election Day to challenge voters or submit their voter lists based on unforwardable mail to local or state election official with a request that named voters be removed from the voting rolls.
The state of Michigan was a de facto and de jure one stop voter caging operation
The Michigan law and practices by elections officials were a clear violation of the National Voting Rights Act of 1993. The language of the act is crystal clear. It protects voters against "discriminatory and unfair registration laws and procedures can have a direct and damaging effect on voter participation in elections for Federal office and disproportionately harm voter participation by various groups, including racial minorities" (NVRA of 1993). State officials should have known better. Perhaps they did.
The unlawful treatment of voter registration in Michigan is part of a broader disregard for federal voting rights and election law. After a 2007 federal court request for ballots from the 2004 presidential election, 56 out of 88 Ohio county election boards destroyed some of all of the 2004 presidential ballots. These were to be retained according to both state and local law and a federal court order mandating retention of the ballots until further notice from the court. There was no action taken against the Ohio elections officials for their flagrant disregard for the law and a federal court order.
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